ITDP India

Promoting sustainable and equitable transportation worldwide

A Marathon, Not a Sprint — Lessons from India’s Walking and Cycling Challenges

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As published in the Sustainable Transport Magazine

As we close the chapter on two of India’s landmark mobility initiatives, the India Cycles4Change (C4C) and Streets4People Challenges (S4P), there is much to celebrate from this transformative four-year journey. Four years is also the time it takes to prepare for the Olympics, and just as the world has witnessed the spirit of the 2024 Paris Summer Games, these efforts share many things in common. Just like Olympic athletes need consistent training and resources to shine on the global stage, Indian cities received continuous support and guidance to shine throughout these Challenges. With help from national and local experts, they built a network of partners, engaged with their community, and strengthened their capacity through open dialogue and collaboration, ensuring they had everything they needed to create safer and more accessible streets for all. 

In 2020, India’s Smart Cities Mission, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), and ITDP India collaboratively launched the India Cyles4Change and Streets4People Challenges with a vision to transform Indian cities with improved walking and cycling infrastructure. Many of India’s streets have become increasingly dangerous for the most vulnerable, with pedestrians accounting for 20% of road fatalities in 2022, according to the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. This is a staggering 32,800 lives lost. Also, India’s air pollution and quality ranks among the worst in the world. To combat this, we need more people to choose walking and cycling over private vehicles where possible. Cities must create a safer and more conducive environment for both new and existing pedestrians and cyclists for this shift to happen.  

However, at the onset of the two Challenges, the team began to realize that expecting quick on-ground transformation was fairly ambitious. While 117 cities signed up for the Challenges, they were all at different points in their journeys, with respect to their understanding of sustainable mobility, resources, infrastructure, geography, and institutional ecosystems. Even though this was a friendly and healthy competition, fairness would be compromised if the participants started from different points. Thus, the team went back to the drawing board and changed the rules of the game itself. It was no longer just about the scale of on-the-ground transformations; equally important would be promoting the dialogue around walking and cycling, improving community engagement, and building a stronger foundation for capacity building and institutional reform. Over the next few years, these programs became a marathon, rather than a sprint. 

The Streets4People Challenge reimagined city streets as places for civic engagement. Image: Smart Cities Mission / ITDP India


The government and ITDP India began by channeling the focus on three aspects that ensured our efforts were sustained throughout the four years. One, by creating an ecosystem of champions from city leaders to local communities for support; two, by encouraging cities to engage with citizens to get their buy-in at the onset; and three, by building their technical capacities at regular intervals in the most innovative way possible.  The true success of these Challenges came from lasting lessons that have set the cities on a course for change for years to come.

At the beginning of the Challenges, cities were required to pilot interventions locally and gather community feedback before making them permanent interventions. Many successfully implemented changes using tactical urbanism to test designs that could be adjusted based on how people engaged with spaces. For instance, the city of Kohima transformed an old parking lot into a vibrant community space for pedestrians and cyclists, featuring food vendors, pop-up seating, colorful artwork, and new landscaping. They also programmed street carnivals and engagement activities to activate the community within the space. Some cities that lacked such expertise connected with support from partners such as civil society organizations, design experts, resident groups, and cycling advocates. The success of these partnerships underscored the importance of creating local communities of champions as knowledgeable stakeholders who could guide cities through the design and implementation process, ensuring that efforts were both sustainable and impactful. 

While this was happening at the city-level, a burgeoning ecosystem was also taking shape at the national level with these Challenges. The commitment to promoting active mobility had full support from the national Ministry, driven by strong leadership that believed in the cause. It became evident that many city leaders were inspired to become champions after seeing the dedication of the Ministry. The national ecosystem was further strengthened by the collaboration with organizations  like ITDP India, which played a crucial role in providing technical expertise. This guaranteed that, while cities had the financial and national support to implement the Challenges, they could also benefit from strong technical guidance to ensure their concerns were addressed throughout the process.  

Of course, no best practice can be formed without citizen and  public engagement. Cities initially faced challenges in motivating their people, shifting perceptions, and breaking stereotypes  
around cycling and walking. Many residents did not view these as practical alternatives to personal vehicles and resistance to streetscape changes made progress challenging. However, as the  
programs progressed, engaging communities in decision-making was crucial to fostering a sense of ownership, leading to greater acceptance and behavior change. Take the city of Davanagere,  
for example. They ran a creative campaign that made cycling ‘cool’ again with themed merchandise, bike rallies, and citywide promotions. Local residents soon embraced cycling en masse,  
rallying behind the vision for safer, more sustainable mobility. That is the power of bringing people along for the ride.

The Cycles4Change Challenge encouraged cities to improve safe, connected cycling infrastructure. Image: Smart Cities Mission / ITDP India

Each city’s own growth remained at heart of this work, which is why building capacity was crucial for the success of these Challenges. Having the right support to build expertise and skillsets for cities was part of a winning strategy. Throughout the Challenges, ITDP India helped host 18 sessions for cities, including national Healthy Streets and Public Spaces workshops in cities like Bengaluru, Chandigarh, and Pimpri Chinchwad, and interactive design clinics for city leaders to receive input from experts. Over 85 toolkits and technical resources on planning, budgeting, and infrastructure were developed and disseminated during these workshops.

To make capacity building even more engaging, ITDP India also introduced an innovative game during these workshops. This fun and interactive approach helped city leaders learn how to  
develop a Healthy Streets Plan, map out a multi-year action plan, and identify key interventions in three crucial areas: action, foundation, and communication. This ‘gamification’ strategy  
helped the leaders immerse themselves in a hands-on learning experience, moving beyond traditional presentations to explore the complexities of sustainable mobility. 

By January 2024, 15 cities emerged as leaders, with many others making great strides in changing their streets. Across 33 cities, over 350 kilometers of improved footpaths and more than 220 kilometers of cycle tracks were developed, while 48 cities launched projects to revamp over 1,400 kilometers of streets. Plus, 15 cities adopted Healthy Streets Policies, 18 set up dedicated Healthy Streets groups, and 17 developed their three-year action plans. To top it off, 33 cities formed Apex Committees to keep the momentum going with future collaboration.

As we close the transformative chapter of the Cycles4Change and Streets4People Challenges, these initiatives have set the stage for long-term change nationwide. Success was not merely about achieving quick wins; it was about laying the groundwork for resilience by mainstreaming dialogues, building capacity, and fostering an ecosystem of walking and cycling champions.

Like coaches preparing a team for victory, the Ministry and ITDP India helped lay a solid foundation for scaling walking and cycling options across India. Now, it is important for the national government to capitalize on this momentum by allocating more budgets and strengthening policies and institutional reforms in favor of safe, equitable streets for everyone. Let the next  Challenge begin!  

Written by Kashmir Medhora Dubhash, Senior Programme Manager – Communications, Partnerships and Development

Technical inputs Smritika Srinivasan, Senior Associate – Urban Development

Are 15 minute cities, the pathway to sustainable urban mobility?

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As India’s cities expand and urban challenges like congestion, pollution, and inequitable access intensify, the concept of 15-minute cities offers a promising vision for the future. Imagine a city where basic amenities, work opportunities, and recreational spaces are all accessible within a short 15-minute walk or bike ride.

But how realistic is this vision for India? What steps are needed to turn it into reality? Cities like Pimpri Chinchwad, Surat, and Srinagar are already making strides to improve equitable access, but scaling this idea nationally requires more than just ambitious plans. It demands thoughtful implementation, community buy-in, and a focus on high-quality infrastructure.

At the 17th Urban Mobility India Conference and Expo, held in Gandhinagar on October 26, experts came together in a panel discussion organised by ITDP India and Arcadis to explore Building 15-Minute Cities: Pathway to a Sustainable Urban Mobility Future.

Moderated by Aswathy Dilip, Managing Director, ITDP India, the roundtable underscored a crucial point: making cities walkable and cyclable isn’t enough—those options must be implemented at a standard that genuinely encourages people to use them.

Check out this infographic blog for a detailed overview of the session and the main insights from the speakers:

Conceptualised and Designed by Varsha Jeyapandi

Learning from Play: Designing an Urban Street Design Game (Part 2) 

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For everyone who thinks managing urban transport is serious business, and not fun and games, we are back to say it can be both! 

A few months ago, we wrote a blog on how to design an urban transport game. In the blog, we captured our learnings of gamifying the process of developing long-term plans for Healthy Streets. We did this so others can learn from the process and build on it. Well, this is our way of giving back, having learned from and built upon the expertise and experience of many other organisations in this field.  

This is another such attempt to document our journey with a new game – Getting Your Street Design Right. In this blog, we elaborate on how we gamified the process of developing good street designs. 

This game was played on 31st May, 2024, with 70 engineers of Greater Chennai Corporation at an inter-departmental workshop. Here’s how it was developed.

Engineers from the Greater Chennai Corporation playing the game during the Inter-departmental workshop

Drawing Inspiration from Experts

In our quest to strategise the next game on getting street design right, we came across Global Designing Cities Initiative’s (GDCI) work. In 2023, GDCI hosted an interactive workshop with nearly 40 participants from Renca and Cerrillos (municipalities in Chile). During this workshop, city officials redesigned an intersection using puzzle pieces that represented key street sections such as bus lanes, cycle tracks, curb extensions for play, commerce, and pedestrian crossings. What a great idea! Inspired by their approach and drawing from our own experience, we started out designing our next game.

Crafting a Clear Intent

Having designed multiple games and hands-on exercises in the past, we knew that getting our intent right was key to designing this game. Street design is a vast subject, and with limited time, we had to focus on specific areas and key takeaways for the participants—the city engineers. Here’s what we wanted them to take away from the game:

  1. Grasp the basics of street design – Our participants were city engineers who were familiar with street design. However, they needed guidance on the right principles that would make their projects more impactful and long-lasting. Hence, we decided to focus on the basics, which could then be incorporated even in their ongoing projects for better impact.  
  2. Understand the reasoning behind the standards – Simply sharing information was not enough. Without understanding why certain street design standards are recommended, there’s always resistance to change. Hence it was necessary to establish the reasoning through the game, making it easier to grasp.
  3. Foster collaboration across departments – Different departments involved in street design have their own perspectives and processes. It was important to bring them together and get them to collaborate.  

In short, we designed the game to simplify street design while making it fun, insightful, and collaborative.  

Establishing Gaming Principles 

To understand the design of street elements—footpaths, carriageway, landscaping, bus stops, street furniture, utilities, etc.—better, we wanted participants to explore redesigning a street. With this as the base, we structured the game on the following principles: 

  • Allow for mistakes and fixes – We wanted the participants to see how their current approach to street design wasn’t effectively addressing on-ground challenges. Hence, the game was structured in two rounds—one, where they design the street as usual, and two where they rectify their design based on the best practices. 
  • Evaluate the design and learn – To get participants to fix their designs, we needed them to understand the design gaps and why it was considered so. For this, we introduced a design evaluation round for them to understand the reasoning behind the street design standards.  
  • Reward players – It was established up-front that this game would have no winners. But where’s the fun in that? To keep the excitement going and to celebrate the teams for getting some aspects of street design right, we introduced badges! Each badge represented a key element to street design and winning that badge meant they designed that element well. Each team needed to win all six badges to unlock a “Healthy Streets Badge”.
The different kind of badges awarded to the participants after each round of play

Detailing the Game

From our past experience, playing the game in groups, especially smaller ones, is most effective to hear different ideas. We decided to play this game in groups of 6-8 participants, creating an interactive approach for participants to learn by doing. Here’s how the game played out:

1. The Playing Board

We started by creating a fictional street, Malgudi Salai (Malgudi Street, in Tamil) and developed a plan view of an 80m stretch of this street, on the playing board. To keep it as realistic as possible, we depicted broken footpaths, varying carriageway widths, parking encroachments, large intersections, etc. on the playing board. Common pedestrian issues were also identified on the board to make it easier for the participants to understand the context and resolve them through design. 

2. Context Sheets

To help participants visualise the street , we developed additional information for Malgudi Salai. We included street photographs (of streets with similar character), land-use, and it’s location in the city.  

A sample of the context sheets provided to the participants
A sample of the context sheets provided in the form of photos

3. The Game Pieces

The elements of street design were our game pieces. Since we wanted players to learn from their mistakes, we developed the street elements of varying dimensions, including some that did not meet standards. This way the players had a variety of pieces of the same street element to choose from. We were also curious to know which ones they would pick in an ideal design scenario.

A list of street-element cutouts handed over to the participants as game pieces

4. The evaluation matrix and characters

To make the game more engaging, we introduced two fictional pedestrian characters—Thangavel, a person with disability, and Kamala, a caregiver—who frequently used Malgudi Salai. Through their journey, we highlighted specific street issues, such as Thangavel struggling to navigate a broken footpath with his wheelchair. These scenarios helped participants understand the street issues from the characters’ perspectives. We shared an evaluation matrix which helped the teams evaluate their designs, keeping in mind the needs of Thangavel and Kamala. The evaluation matrix was a set of questions to check if a particular street design element was designed correctly. 

The two game characters and a sample of the evaluation sheet

5. The right process

After the players designed the street and evaluated their designs, it was time to fix it. For this, they needed guidance on best practice of street design. So, before the teams modified their designs, we provided a step-by-step guide on how to redesign their streets. This was followed by another round of evaluation, and then the awarding of the Healthy Streets Badges.  

Rolling out the Game 

The capacity-building workshop had representatives from departments including the Bus Route Roads, Stormwater Drains, and Special Projects, along with Zonal engineers. We split them into groups of 10, making sure each group had representatives from different departments.  
 
And then, game on! The team dived right into Round 1, working together to come up with a design solution for Malgudi Salai. We witnessed participants engage in healthy debates over minimum standards of the street elements.  
 
After 15 minutes of play, the designs were complete and then came the moment of truth—the evaluation and handing over of badges. All groups got a minimum of two aspects of street design right, qualifying for atleast two badges. However, since they did not incorporate all elements of street design, they did not qualify for the Healthy Streets badge. This quickly made them realise that just fixing one or two aspects of the street doesn’t yield the impact they expect.  We eventually informed them that they had an opportunity to win the Healthy Streets badge in Round 2 by following a secret recipe! The energy in the room shifted—they were now pumped to pay attention to the guidance (the secret recipe) we provided on the right street design practices.  

As the participants worked on Round 2, following the guidance provided, they even remembered to add access ramps for Thangavel’s wheelchair, without our nudges! They also realised that by making small modifications to their approach, like starting off with identifying the centreline of the street and fixing uniform carriageway widths, they were able to accommodate wider pedestrian infrastructure. They could do all this without compromising on other elements.  

As a result, all teams qualified for a Healthy Streets badge by following the not-so-secret-anymore recipe! The players actively referred to the evaluation matrix and the guidance to ensure they got their designs right. This went on to show us that even a simple game like this can be so impactful.  

Glimpses from the game play at the workshop

Conclusion 

Just like our game play in 2023, we once again saw how powerful and transformative games can be. The process of developing the game and especially the positive response of city officials to the game makes us hopeful about the future of streets in our cities. Through such continued engagements, we hope to make Healthy Streets a reality and enable our cities to create impactful transformations on the ground. 

We leave you with this – there is hope for the streets in our cities. The game is far from over. 

Written by Smritika Srinivasan, Senior Associate – Urban Development

Edited by Donita Jose, Senior Associate – Communications

Cycling with the citizens, collaborating with the community

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Cover image source: Ahmedabad

India’s journey with the India Cycles4Change Challenge

The Smart Cities Mission, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) launched the India Cycles4Change Challenge in partnership with the Fit India Mission, Swachh Bharat Mission, and the ITDP India Programme to inspire cities to implement quick cycling-friendly interventions in the wake of COVID-19. The Challenge is gaining momentum with the 107 registered cities—including all 100 Smart Cities—pedalling their way forward in the first stage of the initiative. The ITDP India Programme, as the knowledge partner for the Challenge, successfully conducted three online workshops to give cities remote guidance on planning and implementation of cycling interventions, communications and outreach, and community engagement strategies. 

Cycle rally with citizens conducted by New Town Kolkata

The India Cycles4Change Challenge encourages cities to use stakeholder engagement and community participation strategies to involve people in the decision-making process. Over 2000 citizens and civil society organisations (CSOs) have registered so far to support their cities in the Challenge. Local cycle groups, corporates, and NGOs have also joined hands with cities in this cycling transformation. The participating cities have shown great enthusiasm and organised a range of innovative events, initiated cycling-friendly interventions, and employed creative branding strategies to win people’s support and get cycles back on the streets.

Kick-starting the Cycle of Change

The ITDP India Programme is the knowledge partner for the India Cycles4Change Challenge, helping cities implement their vision of cycle-friendly streets by building capacity through  regular interactive online workshops. The broad range of topics covered in the three online workshops thus far include ‘Planning Cycling Networks’, ‘Conducting Perception Surveys’, ‘Engaging with Citizens’, ‘Dos and Don’ts: Designing streets for cycling’, and ‘Building momentum for cycling’. Each workshop comprised expert discussions, technical presentations from the team at the ITDP India Programme, and peer learning sessions through panel discussions with representatives from various participating cities.

Speaking at the first workshop session conducted on 22 July 2020, Shreya Gadepalli, South Asia Programme Lead, ITDP, highlighted safety, continuity, comfort, personal security, and access to all as the key principles for creating cycling-friendly cities. She encouraged the cities to strive towards making these a reality through collaborative processes with citizens as partners.

Principles for creating cycling-friendly cities

Frontrunners such as Coimbatore, New Town (Kolkata), Chandigarh, Kohima, Surat, Bangalore, Aizawl, Nagpur, and Rajkot shared their experiences and learnings from implementing cycling initiatives in the past and the present. The diverse strategies used for citizen engagement shed light on the importance and possibilities of collaborative planning. 

Consultations, Campaigns, Cycle camps and clinics, and more!

Several cities have conducted regular brainstorming and consultation sessions with diverse stakeholders with an objective to build a unified vision for communication, outreach, and planning. More than 40 cities have formed core working teams with participation from citizens, experts, CSOs, corporates, and non-governmental organisations among others. The cities have made attempts to prioritise inclusivity in decision-making by ensuring representation from women and other social groups in their teams.

The cities are actively conducting outreach using social media platforms to share information about their progress and connect with citizens for public consultations. These efforts are being complemented with regular interaction with the print media, the use of banners, and localised campaign drives. 

Social media posts from cities across the country

Cities also launched a national ‘Cycle2Freedom’ campaign on 15 August 2020 to further deepen the partnership with their citizens vis-à-vis the challenge. Anchored to the nation-wide Independence Day celebrations, the campaign encouraged people to share stories on how cycles have empowered them, and given them freedom, along with their initial experiences with cycling. The ‘SheCycles4Change’ initiative was also launched as an integral part of the ‘Cycle2Freedom’ campaign to emphasise cycling as a safe and accessible option for women. 

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Stories from cities as part of the ‘Cycle2Freedom’ campaign

Cities also kick-started various cycling-friendly initiatives. In New Town (Kolkata), cycling training camps attracted commuters, especially women and children to pick up cycling as an independent mode of travel. Kohima launched free bike repair clinics to help citizens fix their cycles and get onto the streets. Faridabad tested out a pop-up cycle lane along one of its prime industrial corridors. Cities including Nagpur, Surat, Agartala, and Ahmedabad initiated active conversations with citizens through on-ground rallies and virtual consultations.

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Cycling-friendly initiatives from cities

Cities across the country have displayed utmost creativity and contextual diversity with their events, interventions, and strategies.  The ITDP India Programme is playing a pivotal role by sharing detailed guidance, resources, and templates for the successful realisation of the unified vision of creating cycling-friendly cities. The cities are well on the way to creating successful pilot interventions!

Are you a cycling enthusiast? 

Fix your cycle and get on to the street! The cities are geared up to TEST-LEARN-SCALE!

If you are a civil society organisation, consultant, corporate or concerned citizen eager to support your city in the India Cycles4Change Challenge, register here – https://bit.ly/30L0vnd

This article is part of a series of articles on the India Cycles4Change Challenge.

Read Part 1 in the series on the Launch of the India Cycles4Change Challenge

Read Part 2 in the series on 10 ways you can make India a cycling nation

Written by Balanagendran
Edited by Avishek Jha and Aditi Subramanian

Chennai’s Streets for People initiative wins the Ashden Awards

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Over the last five years, Chennai’s Streets for People initiative has been instrumental in transforming over hundred kilometres of the city’s streets for more accessible and equitable mobility. An initiative of the Greater Chennai Corporation with technical support from the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) India Programme, the Streets for People initiative has been selected as the winner of the acclaimed international Ashden Awards 2020 in the Sustainable Mobility (International) category.

Rethinking Urban Mobility

With citywide lockdowns and the suspension of public transport systems, COVID-19 has forced cities to rethink urban mobility. The pandemic has illustrated what streets without cars could look like, and people around the world have reclaimed their street spaces for mobility or access to essentials and services among others. More importantly, the lockdown has amplified the importance of walking and cycling as affordable, equitable, and sustainable modes of transport for a large section of the urban population. 

The Streets for People initiative in Chennai was aimed at improving walking and cycling infrastructure and enables people to move safely through the city. In Chennai, these streets proved extremely effective during the lockdown, enabling physical distancing and safe movement in neighbourhoods. As cities reopen and physical distancing becomes the new normal, the importance of such people-friendly initiatives for pedestrians and cyclists grows manifold.

The Ashden Award celebrates the city and its citizens for accomplishing such an amazing feat. In essence, the award recognises ITDP India Programme’s objectives to improve the quality of life in cities so that future generations inherit urban spaces that are liveable, equitable, and sustainable. The awards highlight sustainable solutions that tackle global issues such as climate change and create equitable societies. Chennai’s Streets for People initiative is among the 11 winners at the annual Ashden Awards, which was held on July 2nd 2020 in a virtual ceremony. The winners were chosen from over 200 applicants working on creating resilience, green growth, and fairer societies. 

The Chennai Streets for People Initiative

Since 2013, Chennai has been transforming its streets for safety, comfort, and inclusivity. In 2014, the city adopted the Non-Motorised Transport (NMT) Policy, to dedicate 60 percent of its budget towards NMT. Chennai was the first Indian city to adopt a policy of this kind. Since then, with the support of the ITDP India Programme, the city has – 

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Impact of the work 

Lauded as making Chennai the “walking capital of the country” by L. Nandakumar, Chief Engineer, Greater Chennai Corporation, these interventions have led to wider footpaths, cycle-sharing systems, and last-mile connectivity in the city of Chennai. The initiative has helped in transforming over 120 kilometres of streets to be safe and accessible for pedestrians across the city. The project has improved access to roughly 300 bus stops and over 60 schools. Moreover, it has also helped in the effective implementation of parking management systems in approximately 500 kilometres of streets. 

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Globally, cities like Paris, Milan, and London have allocated significant portions of their budgets towards creating walking and cycling-friendly infrastructure. Chennai has taken similar action through the Mega Streets programme, to create a city-wide network of streets with a lifespan of at least 30 years thereby prioritising ‘Liveability, Mobility, and Utility’. Launched earlier this year, the project aims to transform 1000 kilometres of streets in the city. The Government of Tamil Nadu, in its annual budget speech in February 2020, has expressed its intent to invest over USD $500M to replicate Chennai’s success in ten other cities, which will transform over 1600 kilometres of streets across the state.

A shining example for Indian cities

Chennai’s Streets for People initiative is a gamechanger in terms of transforming India’s cities into more equitable and people-friendly urban spaces. Moreover, the government’s intention to expand the project represents its potential to transform streets across Tamil Nadu for future generations. The Ashden award recognises and celebrates the success of Chennai’s Streets for People project done by the Greater Chennai Corporation supported by ITDP India Programme as not just the first step in scaling up across Tamil Nadu, but also as a lighthouse for urban development across the country. 

Written by Avishek Jha

Edited by Keshav Suryanarayanan

Rethinking decision making through collaborative community planning

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The French philosopher and sociologist Henri Lefebvre interpreted space as an entity that is not static, but one that is alive and dynamically shaped through the interaction of people with it. He stressed on the importance of the production of space through these social relations over merely treating space as an object. We, however, live in a world which largely follows the technocratic planning principles for managing these spaces, rather than  embracing the relations that form them. 

Through understanding the relationship between people and their surrounding environment inherent to every space, the cities can ensure a demand-driven approach to solution making, where decisions are largely tailor-made than mass produced to the context. This will ensure a multidisciplinary approach to solution making, where there is open knowledge sharing and a collaborative work of different stakeholders. An intervention will thus have more credibility when it is shaped through a participatory approach involving all participants who have a stake in it. 

The case of transformation along Sringeri Mutt Road

An interesting example of how the participatory deliberation of the people can shape spaces they live in was observed in the case of the tactical urbanism intervention along the Sringeri Mutt Road, facilitated  by ITDP India Programme in Chennai. The quick and cost-effective initiative that was largely community driven, was aimed at enhancing the road and personal safety of the neighborhood, primarily women and children.

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Deepening Democracy: Innovations in Empowered Participatory Governance by A. Fung and O. Wright  highlights three key principles of Empowered Deliberative Democracy which seem to be strongly embraced in this case.

The first principle speaks of ‘practical orientation’ of having a specific focus on tangible problems, which helps solve it through the next two principles. With abandoned vehicles and unauthorized parking lining the stretch along the canal, the dead spaces had become a breeding hub for anti-social activities.   The tangible problems in this case were identified as the need to enhance road and personal safety for the street users in the neighborhood.

The second principle is about ‘bottom up participation’ which calls for including people directly affected by the problems, to serve as a channel for experts and citizens to work together. The direct involvement helps in increasing efficiency, trust, and accountability. The ITDP India Programme was able to measure the root cause of the concerns through initiating dialogues with the different stakeholders in the neighborhood. Those who faced the brunt were frequent users of the street, which were the local residents and the students and teachers of the neighboring school. The different layers of the problem were gradually unwrapped through site visits and discussions with these users

The third principle on ‘deliberative solution generation’ involves joint planning and problem solving through a process of deliberation. The participants hear out each other’s concerns and work together towards developing a solution through discussions than heated arguments.The fresh lease of life that the space witnessed was due to the efforts of the Chennai Traffic Police, Greater Chennai Corporation, civic action groups like Thiruveedhi Amman Koil Street Residents Association (TAKSRA) and Karam Korpom, Chennai High School (Mandaveli) and the ITDP India Programme.


Sketch by the author on the case of Sringeri Mutt Road based on the principles of Empowered Deliberative Democracy

This case showed alternate approaches to transformations that a city can witness, where deciphering the needs and solutions is a joint process with the people involved, than a top-down approach.

Moving towards a systemic change

The intervention on the ground, its success and the interest it has lit amongst the city officials to scale- up, draws parallels to stage model of social innovation discussed by Robin Murray, Geoff Mulgan and Julie Grice.

Source: Stages of Social Innovation from ‘Social Innovation Regimes An Exploratory Framework to measure Social Innovation’ Castro Spila, Javier & Luna, Álvaro & Unceta, Alfonso (2016)

The tactical urbanism solution as a prototype addressed the poor social conditions that prevailed. The smiles that it achieved in bringing to the faces of the children and other users have reflected the triumph of the approach and the city is pushing towards scaling up these quick, low cost and community driven interventions to other areas. 

Pugalis and Giddings in their work on ‘The renewed right to urban life’ extends on the Lefebvrian philosophy which values the coproduction of space. They bring up the concept and importance of ‘little victories’, small wins that add up to create strong ripples capable of bringing a systemic change.  A systemic change involves the gradual reshaping of mindsets that have been accustomed to a set machinery and distribution of power. These steps to scale up the interventions, however reflect the possibility of bringing a systemic change that values the collaborative approach to decision making, by prioritizing the needs of the most vulnerable users. The interest of the city to facilitate this decentralized approach, indirectly shapes this into a coordinated decentralized system, taking the best of both systems.

As a country that has shaped through over seventy years of democratic politics, there is an inherent need to see citizenship as something that is as dynamic as a space itself. Urbanist Luigi Maza speaks of the dual nature of citizenship, one that is not just a bundle of rights and obligations, but a dynamic social process of the citizens contributing to the production of spaces, redesigning its rules and obligations. As the city  adopts new ways of decision making, the citizens also have to start thinking outside the walls of the homes they have built and see the entire city as their home and contribute towards improving it. After all, as Jane Jacobs rightly put it, ‘Cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because, and only when, they are created by everybody’.

Written by AV Venugopal

Edited by Kashmira Dubash